Forged pipe fittings are a category of pipe fittings formed through forging processes in the pipe fitting manufacturing industry. Their forming methods are divided into integral forging and segmented forging. Integral forging involves forming the part through a single heating process and is suitable for fittings with simple structures; segmented forging, on the other hand, involves forging the parts in sections and then welding them together, and is primarily used for the manufacture of fittings with complex shapes. The production processes primarily include three categories: die forging, open-die forging, and machining. Die forging utilizes rolled profiles or steel ingots for die pressing, primarily including hammer die forging, hot die forging, screw press die forging, hydraulic press die forging, and flat die forging. It is suitable for small pipe fittings with socket weld or threaded connections, and multi-directional die forging technology is also applied to the manufacture of pipe fittings with complex shapes and high-performance requirements [1]; open-die forging uses air hammers or hydraulic presses to forge near-net-shape parts, which is used for special-structure pipe fittings; machining involves direct turning of bar stock or thick-walled tubes, requiring that the grain orientation of the material align with the axial direction of the pipe fitting.